In the civil law. A fugitive ; a runaway slave. Dig. 11, 4; Cod. 6, 1. Seethe various definitions of this word in Dig. 21, 1, 17.


(1) exact transaction copy; (2) sufficient to satisfy the need for retention; (3) authentic, undistorted evidence of being what it says it is; (4) complete with all information needed to represent the transaction; (5) compliant, meeting all regulatory requirements; (6) comprehensive, having total coverage; (7) protected, auditable to change; (8) meaningful, significant to satisfy its purpose.
Invented in 1854 by the UK physicist William Robert Grove (1811-1896). It produces energy, usually electrical, by converting a chemical substance, like hydrogen. Hydrogen flows through a porous nickel or platinum alloy cathode. The alloy splits the hydrogen into electrons and protons. The electrons pass through an external circuit. The protons pass through a liquid or membrane electrolyte, then pass into a porous carbon anode. Here oxygen is continuously introduced and the process yields water. Such a cell has an 80% efficiency, more than 2x that of any other cell. The drawback is bulk and the need of gases. Currently used in spacecraft and submarines. Exploratory automobile use is in progress.